Posts Tagged ‘prostate cancer’
Friday, February 25th, 2011
Prostate Cancer Staging has been widely known to cause much damage and certain impacts in the health of an individual diagnosed with this type of cancer. Many treatments have been test discovered and tried to be effective on treating cancer. There also various studies concerning the association of prostate cancer towards a mass of specific complications. Along with these, they conducted several studies as to how develops and how it spreads and tends to bring about infectious cells within the body systems. Doctors and experts use the TNM system to distinguish the severity of the prostate cancer similar to what they do to identify most cancer stages. The stages are identified by the use of the three different characteristics of growth and spread of the tumor. The TNM system stands for tumor, nodes and metastasis.
• Tumor – refers to the size that is the main part. • Nodes – refer to what extent prostate cancer have scattered to any lymph nodes or if it has cause any harmful effects • Metastasis – refers to the distance that has reached by the spreading, for instance, to the liver or bones.
Another way of categorizing the stages is thorough the Gleason system. Some of the times, these two systems are merged to refer to prostate.
In stage I, the cancer is only found in the Prostate Cancer Stages . In this level, it is still microscopic and it still cannot be detected by a DRE (digital rectal exam) and cannot be seen in imaging the prostate as well.
In stage II, the tumor within the prostate has not yet extended but it has already grown. In stage III, cancer has barely scattered outside the prostate. In this stage, it may involve tissues near the prostate such as seminal vesicles.
In stage IV, is where metastasis occurs. That is, Prostate Cancer Stages has already spread outside the prostate thereby affecting other tissues. In this stage, it now affects the bones, liver, lymph nodes or even the lungs. It is important to accurately find and identify the stages.
By knowing the cost it can help you determine exactly what optimal treatment and prognosis is most suitable. Due to these, extensive testing is worth going through to have a correct diagnosis about the prostate you belong.
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Friday, February 25th, 2011
Testicular cancer occurs in the testicles (testes), which are located inside the scrotum, a loose bag of skin underneath the penis. The testicles produce male sex hormones and sperm for reproduction.
Compared with other types of cancer, testicular cancer is rare. But testicular cancer is the most common cancer in American males between the ages of 15 and 34. The cause of testicular cancer is unknown.
Testicular cancer is highly treatable, even when cancer has spread beyond the testicle. Depending on the type and stage of testicular cancer, you may receive one of several treatments, or a combination. Regular testicular self-examinations can help identify growths early, when the chance for successful testicular cancer treatment is highest.
Symptoms of Testicular Cancer
Testicular cancer can result in a number of signs and symptoms.
These may include : -
* A lump or enlargement in either testicle * A feeling of heaviness in the scrotum * A dull ache in the abdomen or groin * A sudden collection of fluid in the scrotum * Pain or discomfort in a testicle or the scrotum * Enlargement or tenderness of the breasts * Unexplained fatigue or a general feeling of not being well
Causes of Testicular Cancer
Nearly all testicular cancers begin in the germ cells — the cells in the testicles that produce immature sperm. What causes germ cells to become abnormal and develop into cancer isn’t known.
Treatments of Testicular Cancer
The options you have for treating your testicular cancer depend on several factors, including the type and stage of your cancer, your overall health and your own preferences
Treatment options may include : -
Surgery : – Surgery to remove your testicle (radical inguinal orchiectomy) is the primary treatment for nearly all stages and types of testicular cancer. To remove your testicle, your surgeon makes an incision in the groin and extracts the entire testicle through the opening. A prosthetic, saline-filled testicle can be inserted if you choose. You’ll receive anesthesia during surgery. All surgical procedures carry a risk of pain, bleeding and infection…
Radiation therapy : – Radiation therapy may be a treatment option if you have the seminoma type of testicular cancer. Radiation therapy uses high-powered energy beams, such as X-rays, to kill cancer cells. During radiation therapy, you’re positioned on a table and a large machine moves around you, aiming the energy beams at precise points on your body. Side effects may include fatigue, as well as skin redness and irritation in your abdominal and groin areas…
Chemotherapy : – Chemotherapy treatment uses drugs to kill cancer cells. Chemotherapy drugs travel throughout your body to kill cancer cells that may have migrated from the original tumor. Your doctor might recommend chemotherapy after surgery. Chemotherapy may be used before or after lymph node removal. Side effects of chemotherapy depend on the drugs being used…
Treatment for advanced or recurrent testicular cancer : – If your cancer hasn’t responded to other treatments or if your cancer has returned, you and your doctor may consider other treatments. You may consider enrolling in a clinical trial. These research studies give you a chance to try experimental procedures and treatments that are being developed for future use. Clinical trials aren’t guaranteed to bring a cure, and side effects of new medications may not be known. Ask your doctor about clinical trials that are open to people with testicular cancer, as well as the possible risks and benefits of experimental treatments.
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Thursday, February 24th, 2011
All of the modern day men need to be attempting to put a smile on their face when facing the rather deadly disease, prostate cancer. The reason why they should have a braver face is because the proton prostate cancer therapy method of treatment could mean a specific way of addressing all of these problems that are associated with cancer efficiently and all of the complications that it normally brings along.
Proton therapy for prostate cancer is the very last option for any patient that is suffering from prostate cancer. Most patients are on their hands and knees once they reach this expensive treatment as their only option because there isn’t any other option for treatment after this. However, when it comes to treat cancer cases, proton prostate cancer therapy has proven to be rather victorious.
Incontinence is among the most damaging of the side effects that are associated with the radiation treatment that is given for prostate cancer. In the event that the urinary sphincter becomes damaged during the process of the radiation treatment, the individual patient is going to experience several different degrees of the urinary incontinence, which is an unwilled urinating action.
Even though this can be life-changing, there are some occasions when a corrective surgery may be applied. All of the serious cases of incontinence are rare without only one to three percent of men experiencing incontinence that are undergoing radiation treatment. Even though all of the symptoms are normally going to go away at longest within a year, it is known to be permanent among less than one percent of the men that have been treated by radiation.
When taking everything into consideration that is mentioned above concerning the radiation therapy defects, there is a new treatment that is accompanied by all of the latest technology that is referred to as the therapy for prostate treatment. Under this therapy, the probability of all of the side effects is going to be extremely less when compared to that of the radiation therapy.
This prostate cancer therapy is very helpful when it comes to solving problems like signs of prostate cancer such as the inability to urinate and a weak urine flow. Overall, this condition is extremely painful and it is going to be a hindrance to an individuals normal activities. Within the majority of cases, the blood within the urine or the semen is able to be found.
The presence of a burning sensation when you are urinating and pain within the lower back are also signs of prostate cancer. In the event that you are interested in learning more about prostate cancer and prostate cancer therapy have a consultation with your physician who will be able to tell you a lot more and answer all of the questions that you may have.
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Wednesday, February 23rd, 2011
There are 5 relevant prostate cancer stages that one must be aware of to understand the full scope of the disease. Prostate cancer is one of the deadliest cancers affecting men today. More men die from Prostate Cancer then any other form of cancer. Yet, Prostate cancer is one the few cancers that, if it’s caught early enough, can be corrected or controlled.One in ten men will develop clinically significant prostate cancer in their lifetime. It is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in American males with 250 000 new cases reported annually. Prostate cancer is second only to lung cancer as a cause of cancer death in both the USA and the UK. Prostate cancer is rare among Orientals. It is more common in black than white Americans.
The main job of the prostate gland is to make seminal fluid, the milky substance that transports sperm. In most men, prostate cancer grows very slowly; most men will never even know they have the condition. Prostate cancer is the third most common cause of death from cancer in men of all ages and is the most common cause of death from cancer in men over 75 years old.Other symptoms might include unintentional weight loss and lethargy. Additional symptoms that may be associated with this disease are bone pain or tenderness, and abdominal pain. One symptom is a need to urinate frequently, especially at night.
Prostate cancer is any abnormal as well as malignant growth of cells in the tissues of the prostate gland and possibly all over and beyond the prostate.This is one of the stages of prostate cancer where the cancerous cells have spread outside the prostate into other parts of the victim’s body, causing damage along the way. There are four basic stages of prostate cancer.Treatment options can vary based on the stage of the tumor. What you can do now is begin to know what exactly your treatment options are and where you’re going to begin. Chemotherapy medications are often used to treat prostate cancers that are resistant to hormonal treatments.There is a newer test called AMACR that is more sensitive than the PSA test for determining the presence of prostate cancer. Urine or prostatic fluid cytology may reveal unusual cells. CT scans may be done to see if the cancer has metastasized (spread).
The outcome of prostate cancer varies greatly; mostly because the disease is found in older men who may have a variety of other complicating diseases or conditions, such as cardiac or respiratory disease, or disabilities that immobilize or greatly decrease their activities. Because prostate cancer is a slow-growing disease, many men with this disease will die from other causes before they die from prostate cancer.
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Wednesday, February 23rd, 2011
Patients with BPH may need removal of the enlarged part of the prostate by surgical methods. It is normally the best long-term solution for some patients with BPH. This surgery only removes the portion of the prostate gland that is pressing against the urethra tube. The rest of the gland is left intact as well as the outside capsule. There are different forms of surgery that are used for enlarged prostate treatment.
Transurethral surgery is a type that does not require an external cut. After anesthesia is given the surgeon can reach the prostate by inserting the surgical instrument through the urethra tube. Another form of surgery is the transurethral resection of the prostate or TURP. This method is used for 90 percent of all enlarged prostate treatment surgeries. An instrument is inserted through the penis and uses a light and valves for controlling irrigating fluid, and a small electric loop to cut the tissue and seal blood vessels. The instrument is about 12 inches long and one half inch in diameter. This method of surgery takes about 90 minutes and the excess tissue from the gland is taken to the bladder then flushed after surgery. Most doctors prefer this method because it causes fewer traumas to the body and has a shorter recovery time.
A third form of surgery is called transurethral incision of the prostate or TUIP. It is another minimally invasive form of surgery. Instead of removing excess prostate tissue it widens the urethra by making a few small cuts in the neck of the bladder. The cuts are made where the urethra joins the bladder and in the prostate gland. This form of surgery is still not been proved to give the same relief as TURP or to cause fewer side effects. Doctors believe that it reduces the chance of backward ejaculation where the semen flows backward into the bladder during climax instead of out the urethra.
When the three above methods of enlarged prostate treatment surgery cannot be used, the doctor or specialist may recommend using a surgery that requires an incision. If the prostate gland is extremely enlarged, open surgery may be the only way to correct the problem. Open surgery may be needed if the bladder needs repaired as well as there are other complications. The enlargement place and the patients health will be deciding factors to which surgical method is chosen by your surgeon.
The FDA approved laser surgery in 1996. It uses side-firing lasers to destroy any prostate tissue that is obstructing the urethra. The bursts of energy last between 30 and 60 seconds. The laser causes shrinkage and destroys prostate tissue. There is an advantage of using laser surgery. Very little blood is lost during this surgery and it allows for a quicker recovery time. Doctors tend to be concerned that laser surgery may not be effective on larger prostates. New procedures involving lasers are being used and results have been good.
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Tuesday, February 22nd, 2011
Despite the fact that there are various different tests that can be undertaken if you suspect the presence of prostate cancer, the only sure way to detect the condition is through a prostate cancer biopsy. But precisely how successful is the prostate biopsy procedure when it comes to confirming this disease?
In the US alone every year there are in the region of one million prostate cancer biopsy procedures performed of which around 25 percent indicate the existence of prostate cancer. Of the remaining 75 percent of prostate biopsies however about one-third indicate false negative results. This means that roughly 25 percent of all men being subjected to a prostate biopsy are cleared by this test, despite the fact that they have prostate cancer.
On the face of it therefore it may appear that the prostate cancer biopsy is not a very effective test but the results do not show that there is anything wrong with the prostate biopsy procedure as a means of diagnosing the presence of prostate cancer. What it does clearly mean however is that there is a need to detect those individuals who, in spite of they have returned a negative result, are nevertheless at high risk from prostate cancer and should therefore to undergo a second follow-up biopsy.
The problem is that until very recently there has been no easy method of determining those patients at risk. However, a study of more than 500 patients being investigated for the presence of prostate cancer may now provide a solution.
All of the individuals investigated in the study had already received a negative prostate biopsy result but the researchers discovered that when they looked at the patient’s prostate specific antigen (PSA) test results and these were adjusted to take account of the size of the prostate gland they were able to identify those individuals who were likely to return positive results on a second biopsy.
The researchers also found that men with a Gleeson score of 7 or more were at an increased risk from life-threatening prostate cancer and were again more likely to receive a positive result from a further biopsy. The Gleeson score is measured on a scale between 2 and 10 and the score is calculated from a laboratory investigation of the prostate biopsy tissue. Low scores indicate cancer with a relatively low risk of spread and high scores indicate cancer which is more likely to spread.
There are various different prostate biopsy procedures available nowadays although perhaps the most often used procedure is known as the core needle biopsy. In this case a number of tiny tissue samples are removed from different areas of the prostrate gland with a biopsy gun which shoots a needle into the selected section to remove the sample within a fraction of a second. These samples are then sent off for microscopic analysis to ascertain whether or not cancer is present and, if it is, to work out precisely how much of the prostate gland is affected.
A prostate cancer biopsy is a costly procedure and is a test which can be reasonably distressing for the subject. It is sometimes also a quite painful procedure which can be accompanied by bleeding and the risk of infection. Consequently it is important to identify those patients for whom a follow-up biopsy would be wise and to reduce as far as possible the number of needless follow-up biopsies being done every year.
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Monday, February 21st, 2011
As with many diseases, there are many prostate cancer treatment options. The types of cancer treatments are divided into two categories. These categories are standard treatments and clinical trail treatments. The standard treatments are options that are regularly used while the clinical trails are options that are currently being studied. The following is a list of the standard prostate cancer treatment options and information about each.
The first standard prostate treatment is called Watchful Waiting. In men with other medical conditions or men with early stages of the cancer doctors will keep a close eye on the situation to only move forward when absolutely necessary.
The second standard treatment is Prostate Surgery . This option is available to men with the cancer who are in good health. There are three types of surgery which are Pelvic Lymphadenectomy, Radical Prostatectomy and Transurethral Resection of the Prostate.
The third standard prostate cancer treatment is Radiation Therapy. In Radiation Therapy radioactive waves are concentrated on the prostate to kill the cancerous cells or limit their growth. The two types of Radiation Therapy are External Radiation Therapy and Internal Radiation Therapy. Men who are treated with this type of Radiation Therapy have a higher risk of developing bladder cancer.
The forth type of standard treatment is Hormone Therapy. In this treatment male sex hormones are blocked or removed from the system to stop the spread of the prostate cancer. This type of treatment can have many side effects including impotence, hot flashes, weakened bones and nausea.
In addition factors such as your age, general health and what you want to achieve from the treatment will also be taken into consideration. The elderly may suffer from surgery much more than they would suffer with prostate cancer and so they may choose to do nothing except slow down the growth and spread of the disease. Younger men however may want to remove the cancer entirely and so opt for surgery and then probably radiation therapy to kill any remaining cancerous cells.
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Monday, February 21st, 2011
Before we begin quoting numbers and statistics we will tell you something you may, or not know already. We will briefly explain the how the prostate cancer survival rates are calculated. The survival rate is a 5 year study that refers to the patients who survive 5 years, or more, after the initial diagnosis. This is helps in determining the prognosis, or outlook of patients. Since the diagnosis and treatment started 5 years prior, to any diagnoses presented today, new cases would be expected to have a better prognosis, due to developments in treatment.
Prostate cancer develops in the male gland and can spread to other parts of the body particularly the lymph nodes and bones. It may cause difficulty in urination, pain, or ED along with any number of other symptoms that can occur later in the disease. Traditional treatments have been surgery, radiation, and proton.
1)Prostate cancer is second only to lung cancer in cancer related death. 2) Until recently numbers in deaths due to this were rising. In 1932 17 in every 100,000 men died from this, in 1991 the figure had rose to 25 in 100,000. Reasons for these rises are speculative at best. 3)Prostate cancer is the second most common type of cancer in men, the first being skin cancer. 4)1 in 35 will die from this cancer. Prostate cancer claims 10% of all cancer related deaths for men. 5)According to the American Cancer Society, almost 100% of all prostate cancer patients survive 5 years, (99.9% white and 97.6% black men,) that rate is 91% at 10 years and 76% at 15 years. Keep in mind the above mentioned factor when considering survival rates. 6)The average age for prostate cancer related deaths from ’98 to ’02 was 82, with almost no deaths reported under the age of 44. 7)Stage of diagnosis is important. Survival rate is almost 100% for local or regional diagnosis, with that rate dropping to 33.3% for distant or metasized cancers. 8)There is a lifetime risk of over 13% for every male born today of receiving a prostate cancer diagnosis. 9)There are seldom any symptoms in the early stages of prostate cancer, diagnosis usually begins due to an elevated PSA (Prostate-Specific Antigen) count in a routine blood test. 10)Primary reasons for developing this type of cancer are still unclear. Even though age, genetics, and diet are believed to be contributing factors.
The facts presented here are the same facts presented by the American Cancer Society, and eMedtv, and both references seem to point to the same conclusions. Early detection of this potentially deadly condition is imperative to increase the chances for survival. Meanwhile, ongoing research makes advances very day.
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Sunday, February 20th, 2011
Before we begin quoting numbers and the prostate cancer statistics we will tell you something you may, or not know already. We will briefly explain the how the survival rates are calculated. The survival rates are a 5 year study that refers to the patients who survive 5 years, or more, after the initial diagnosis. This is helps in determining the prognosis, or outlook of patients. Since the diagnosis and treatment started 5 years prior, to any diagnoses presented today, new cases would be expected to have a better prognosis, due to developments in treatment.
It develops within the male gland and may unfold to other elements of the body particularly the lymph nodes and bones. it may cause problem in urination, pain, or erectile dysfunction beside any number of different symptoms which will happen later within the disease. ancient treatments are surgery, radiation, and proton.
1) Second only to lung cancer in cancer related death. 2) Until recently numbers in deaths due to this were rising. In 1932 17 in every 100,000 men died from this, in 1991 the figure had rose to 25 in 100,000. Reasons for these rises are speculative at best. 3) The second most common type of cancer in men, the first being cancer of skin. 4) 1 in 35 will die from this cancer. It claims 10% of all cancer related deaths for men. 5) According to the American Cancer Society, almost 100% of patients survive 5 years, (99.9% white and 97.6% black men,) that rate is 91% at 10 years and 76% at 15 years. Keep in mind the above mentioned factor when considering survival rates. 6) The average age for related deaths from ’98 to ’02 was 80, with almost no deaths reported under the age of 44. 7) Stage of diagnosis is essential. Survival rate is almost 100% for local or regional diagnosis, with that rate dropping to 31.3% for distant or metasized cancers. There is a lifetime risk of over 17% for every male born today of receiving a prostate cancer diagnosis. 9) There are seldom any symptoms in the early stages. Diagnosis usually begins due to an elevated PSA (Prostate-Specific Antigen) count in a routine blood test. 10) Primary reasons for developing this type of cancer are still unclear. Although age, genetics, and diet are believed to be contributing factors.
The facts presented here are the same facts presented by the American Cancer Society, and eMedtv, and both references seem to point to the same conclusions. Early detection of this potentially deadly condition is imperative to increase the chances for survival. Meanwhile, ongoing research makes advances very day.
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Technorati Tags: cancer of prostate, prostate cancer, prostate cancer disease, prostate cancer treatments
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Monday, February 14th, 2011
The prostate gland is part of the male reproductive system. Prostate cancer is a malignant tumor of the prostate gland. The prostate gland is located beneath the bladder and in front of the rectum.
Many men, especially those later in life have made the decision with their doctors to simply watch and wait. The prostate is a small, walnut-sized structure that makes up part of a man’s reproductive system; it wraps around the urethra, the tube that carries urine out of the body. Prostate cancer is the third most common cause of death from cancer in men of all ages and is the most common cause of death from cancer in men over 75 years old.
One of the most common signs is the inability to urinate at all. Some men will experience symptoms that might indicate the presence of prostate cancer. Having one or more cancer symptoms does not necessarily mean that you have prostate cancer.
Weak or interrupted flow of urine and painful or burning urination can be symptoms to watch out for. Other symptoms might include unintentional weight loss and lethargy. If you have one or more prostate cancer symptoms, you should see a qualified doctor as soon as possible.
There is a newer test called AMACR that is more sensitive than the PSA test for determining the presence of prostate cancer. A bone scan can indicate whether the cancer has spread or not. When a digital rectal exam is performed it often reveals an enlarged prostate with a hard, unusual surface.
Another test usually used when symptoms of prostate cancer are present is the digital rectal exam (DRE) performed by the doctor. There are several potential downsides to PSA testing; for example a high PSA does not always mean a patient has prostate cancer. A number of tests may be done to confirm a diagnosis of prostate cancer.
Since prostate tumors require testosterone to grow, reducing the testosterone level is used to prevent further spread and growth of the cancer. Thoroughly discuss your treatment options and concerns with your doctor and other health professionals; it never hurts to get a second or even third opinion or more if necessary. The conventional treatment of prostate cancer is often controversial.
If chemotherapy is decided upon after the first round of chemotherapy, most men receive further doses on an outpatient basis at a clinic or physician’s office. Surgery, radiation therapy, and hormonal therapy can interfere with libido on a temporary or permanent basis. Hormone manipulation is mainly used as a treatment to relieve symptoms in men whose cancer has spread.
Recent improvements in medical procedures have made complications occur less often. Whether radiation is as good as removing the prostate is debatable and the decision about which to choose, if any, can be difficult. Be aware that some men chose natural treatment options and forgo any surgery, radiation or chemotherapy.
Besides hormonal drugs, hormone manipulation may also be done by surgically removing the testes. Surgery is usually only recommended after thorough evaluation and discussion of all available treatment options. In the early stages, surgery and radiation may be used to remove or attempt to kill the cancer cells or shrink the tumor.
Anyone considering surgery should be aware of the benefits, risks and the extent of the procedure. Chemotherapy medications are often used to treat prostate cancers that are resistant to hormonal treatments.
If you do choose invasive conventional treatment, you can always change your diet and do non-invasive natural treatments too. As new research comes out adjust your treatment options accordingly. If you haven’t been diagnosed but are concerned about symptoms you should call for an appointment to see your doctor; and if you’re a man older than 50 who has never been screened for prostate cancer (by rectal exam and/or PSA level determination) or not had a regular annual exam, or have had a family history of prostate cancer, make an appointment soon.
By: Zallhack Froontier
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